Oceanography | September 2021
Oceanography
THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE OCEANOGRAPHY SOCIETY
VOL.34, NO.3, SEPTEMBER 2021
OCEAN REGIME SHIFT IS DRIVING COLLAPSE OF
THE NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALE POPULATION
MONITORING MARINE PROTECTED AREAS / / CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT—LESSONS LEARNED
CHANGING THE CULTURE / / WRITING A THESIS PROPOSAL
Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
VOL. 34, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2021
seabird.com
Oceanography | September 2021
contents VOL. 34, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2021
REGULAR ISSUE FEATURES
22
Ocean Regime Shift Is Driving Collapse of the North Atlantic
Right Whale Population
By E.L. Meyer-Gutbrod, C.H. Greene, K.T.A. Davies, and D.G. Johns
32
A Practical Approach to Monitoring Marine Protected Areas:
An Application to El Bajo Espíritu Santo Seamount Near La Paz, Mexico
By H. Villalobos, J.P. Zwolinski, C.A. Godínez-Pérez, V.E. González-Máynez,
F. Manini-Ramos, M. Mayorga-Martínez, W.L. Michaels, M.S. Palacios-Higuera,
U. Rubio-Rodríguez, A.N. Sarmiento-Lezcano, and D.A. Demer
44
Visiting Scientists Provide Capacity Development: Lessons Learned
by POGO and SCOR
By E. Urban and S. Seeyave
53
Changing the Culture of Coastal, Ocean, and Marine Sciences:
Strategies for Individual and Collective Actions
By M. Behl, S. Cooper, C. Garza, S.E. Kolesar, S. Legg, J.C. Lewis, L. White,
and B. Jones
BREAKING WAVES
61
At the Interface of Marine Disciplines: Use of Autonomous Seafloor
Equipment for Studies of Biofouling Below the Shallow-Water Zone
By A. Chava, A. Gebruk, G. Kolbasova, A. Krylov, A. Tanurkov, A. Gorbuskin,
O. Konovalova, D. Migali, Y. Ermilova, N. Shabalin, V. Chava, I. Semiletov,
and V. Mokievsky
DEPARTMENTS
03
QUARTERDECK. The September Issue: Some Things Old and
Some Things New
By E.S. Kappel
05
FROM THE PRESIDENT. Working Together Toward a Successful
OSM 2022
By A.C. Lavery
07
FROM THE TOS JEDI COMMITTEE. JEDI Events and Programming
for OSM 2022
By E.L. Meyer-Gutbrod
09
RIPPLE MARKS. Life in Seas Frozen and Tropical: For Penguins and
Beyond, New Discoveries in Ocean Genomics
By C.L. Dybas
32
61
22
44
Oceanography | September 2021
Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
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Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
UPCOMING SPECIAL ISSUES
DECEMBER 2021
Oceans Across the Solar System
DECEMBER 2021 SUPPLEMENT
Ocean Observing
MARCH 2022
The Changing Arctic Ocean
MARCH 2022 SUPPLEMENT
New Frontiers in Ocean
Exploration
JUNE 2022
Building Diversity and Inclusion
in the Ocean Sciences
On the Cover. Right whale calf of the 2020–2021
calving season and mother. The right whale popu-
lation has exhibited an unusually high mortality rate
since 2017, cumulatively losing an unprecedented
number of adult whales to ship strikes and fishing
gear entanglement. Today, it is estimated that there
are fewer than 360 right whales remaining globally.
See Meyer-Gutbrod et al. (2021, in this issue) for
details. Photo credit: Clearwater Marine Aquarium
Research Institute & USACE taken under NOAA
permit #20556-01
71
12
12
OCEAN CURRENTS. Tangled Up in Blue
By B. Friel
16
PERSPECTIVE. The Intertwined Futures of Whales and Humans
By N.R. Record
19
PERSPECTIVE. Can Right Whales Out-Swim Climate Change? Can We?
By A.J. Pershing and D.E. Pendleton
71
DIY OCEANOGRAPHY. An Optical Imaging System for Capturing Images
in Low-Light Aquatic Habitats Using Only Ambient Light
By C.M.L.S. Pagniello, J. Butler, A. Rosen, A. Sherwood, P.L.D. Roberts, P.E. Parnell,
J.S. Jaffe, and A. Širović
78
BOOK REVIEW. Science on a Mission: How Military Funding Shaped
What We Do and Don’t Know about the Ocean by Naomi Oreskes
Reviewed by M. Briscoe
82
NAVIGATING GRAD SCHOOL. Envisioning and Writing a Thesis Proposal
By P.J.S. Franks
88
THE OCEANOGRAPHY CLASSROOM. Marine Mystery Organisms:
Learning Marine Ecology with Whales, Not Flashcards
By R. Freeman
90
CAREER PROFILES. Elizabeth Cerny-Chipman, Senior Policy Analyst,
Fish Conservation Program, Ocean Conservancy • Ariana Sutton-Grier,
Visiting Associate Research Professor, Earth System Science
Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland College Park
Join your colleagues in fall 2022 to explore the many facets of ocean
color remote sensing and optical oceanography, including basic research,
technological development, environmental management, and policy.
Visit the website below to join the e-mail list and receive updates.
Registration and abstract submission will open in January 2022
oceanopticsconference.org
OCEAN OPTICS XXV
OCTOBER 25–30, 2020, NORFOLK, VA
OCTOBER 2–7, 2022 | QUY NHON, BINH DINH, VIETNAM
OCEAN OPTICS XXV
OCTOBER 25–30, 2020, NORFOLK, VA
OCEAN OPTICS XXV
Non Profit Org.
U.S. Postage
PAID
Washington, DC
Permit No. 251
The Oceanography Society
1 Research Court, Suite 450
Rockville, MD 20850, USA
ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED
Image credit: NASA Earth Observatory image by Joshua Stevens, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey.
Oceanography
THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE OCEANOGRAPHY SOCIETY
VOL.34, NO.3, SEPTEMBER 2021
OCEAN REGIME SHIFT IS DRIVING COLLAPSE OF
THE NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALE POPULATION
MONITORING MARINE PROTECTED AREAS / / CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT—LESSONS LEARNED
CHANGING THE CULTURE / / WRITING A THESIS PROPOSAL
Oceanography | September 2021
WE HAVE AN EXCITING LINEUP for you in this September issue
of Oceanography, touching many of the bases that make our
journal stand out within the ocean sciences community. In addi-
tion to traditional science articles, we have a paper on belonging,
accessibility, justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (BE A JEDI);
another on capacity-building in the ocean sciences; and a DIY
Oceanography contribution. This issue’s education section fea-
tures columns on undergraduate teaching and careers post
graduate school, and we present a new Navigating Grad School
section. We also have a book review to share, and the third con-
secutive column from the TOS JEDI Committee.
The lead science article by Meyer-Gutbrod et al. discusses
the challenges facing North American right whale populations
due to climate-driven changes in the Gulf Stream. Related per-
spectives are provided by Record and Pershing and Pendleton,
and Friel gives readers a whale’s eye view of how entanglements
in fishing gear are leading to devastating losses of this species.
Meyer-Gutbrod et al. urge federal agencies in Canada and the
United States to consider adopting more dynamic management
plans to save these whales from extinction. On another topic,
Villalobos et al. describe how they combined acoustic, opti-
cal, and environmental sampling to survey fish populations in
a marine protected area in the Gulf of California, an approach
they suggest is practical for obtaining baseline information on
marine protected areas and for efficiently monitoring changes.
A feature by Urban and Seeyave provides the lessons
learned by the Partnership for Observation of the Global
Ocean (POGO) and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic
Research (SCOR) in conducting visiting scientist programs to
assist developing countries as they build self-sustaining ocean
science and observational communities. Among the things
POGO and SCOR have learned is that training in-country has
many benefits, including the ability to reach a larger number
of trainees. Inspired by a session at the 2020 Ocean Sciences
Meeting, the article by Behl et al. shares various strategies for
promoting belonging, accessibility, justice, equity, diversity,
and inclusion in the coastal, ocean, and marine sciences, with
the hope that our community will be inspired to take action
individually or collectively.
Chava et al. contribute a paper to our long-standing Breaking
Waves section that demonstrates a simple and cost-effective
method for studying biofouling in deep waters (>50 m). They
show how a variety of autonomous seafloor equipment can be
used as supporting platforms for biofouling studies. As a reminder
to our readers, the purpose of Breaking Waves is to present short
papers that describe novel approaches to multidisciplinary prob-
lems in oceanography. We welcome contributions to this section,
and author guidelines are available on the Oceanography website
(https://tos.org/oceanography/guidelines).
We are very pleased to publish our fourth DIY Oceanography
article in two years. With guest editors Melissa Omand and
Emmanuel Boss, we introduced DIY Oceanography just over a
year ago. In this issue, Pagniello et al. describe their custom-
designed optical imaging system that captures images in situ in
ambient light, show how they used this home-built system, and
provide instructions on how to build the system yourself. We
have started a new page on the TOS website to help readers find
all of the published DIY Oceanography papers. You can find it at
https://tos.org/diy-oceanography.
As a final note regarding this September issue, I urge gradu-
ate students and instructors alike to read the first contribution to
the new Oceanography section called Navigating Grad School.
In the inaugural article, Franks shares his wisdom on how to
envision and write a thesis proposal, knowledge he has gained
while mentoring and advising hundreds of graduate students at
Scripps Institution of Oceanography. I look forward to receiving
suggestions from our readers for topics we might cover in this
new section. At the same time, instructors are also encouraged
to read The Oceanography Classroom, where guest columnist
Freeman shares how she engages her introductory oceanogra-
phy class to learn new terms and concepts in marine ecology.
And in the Career Profiles section, we share two new profiles.
We welcome comments about and suggestions for
Oceanography, and as we listen to the diverse voices in our com-
munity, we will continue to respond to them by experimenting
with new sections and columns as we have in this issue.
QUARTERDECK
THE SEPTEMBER ISSUE
Some Things Old and Some Things New
Ellen S. Kappel, Editor
Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
The Oceanography Society was founded in 1988 to advance
oceanographic research, technology, and education, and
to disseminate knowledge of oceanography and its appli-
cation through research and education. TOS promotes
the broad understanding of oceanography, facilitates con-
sensus building across all the disciplines of the field, and
informs the public about ocean research, innovative tech-
nology, and educational opportunities throughout the spec-
trum of oceanographic inquiry.
OFFICERS
PRESIDENT: Andone Lavery
PRESIDENT-ELECT: Deborah Bronk
PAST-PRESIDENT: Martin Visbeck
SECRETARY: Allison Miller
TREASURER: Susan Banahan
COUNCILORS
AT-LARGE: Richard Crout
APPLIED TECHNOLOGY: Larry Mayer
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Kim S. Bernard
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Galen McKinley
EARLY CAREER: Erin Satterthwaite
EDUCATION: Sara Harris
GEOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Amelia Shevenell
OCEAN DATA SCIENCE: Vicki Ferrini
OCEAN SCIENCE AND POLICY: Leopoldo C. Gerhardinger
PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: LuAnne Thompson
STUDENT REPRESENTATIVE: Christina Hernández
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Jennifer Ramarui
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ASSISTANT EDITOR
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ASSOCIATE EDITORS
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Philip N. Froelich, Duke University
Charles H. Greene, Cornell University
William Smyth, Oregon State University
Peter Wadhams, University of Cambridge
Oceanography contains peer-reviewed articles that chronicle
all aspects of ocean science and its applications. The journal
presents significant research, noteworthy achievements, excit-
ing new technology, and articles that address public policy and
education and how they are affected by science and technol-
ogy. The overall goal of Oceanography is cross- disciplinary
communication in the ocean sciences.
Oceanography
(ISSN 1042-8275) is published by The
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MD 20850 USA. Oceanography articles are licensed under a
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permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduc-
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rials appropriately, provide a link to the Creative Commons
license, and indicate the changes that were made to the orig-
inal content. Third-party material used in articles are included
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article’s Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain
permission directly from the license holder to reproduce the
material. Please contact Jennifer Ramarui at info@tos.org for
further information.
Oceanography
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Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
Oceanography | September 2021
Working Together Toward a
Successful OSM 2022
IN MY SEPTEMBER COLUMN, I’d like to share some history of
the AGU/ASLO/TOS partnership that organizes the biennial
Ocean Sciences Meeting (OSM). The three societies each fill a
unique niche in the development of the conference agenda and
messaging, and cooperate to make OSM vibrant, inspiring, and
welcoming. I am proud of the way the three organizations have
worked together to make this meeting a huge success.
OSM is the preeminent venue for scientific exchange in the
marine sciences. It is the meeting we all look forward to attend-
ing, the meeting that inspires each and every one of us. I vividly
recall the plenary talk given by Jane Lubchenco at OSM 2020
as the inaugural recipient of the TOS Mary Sears Award. It was
a call to arms to every one of us in the ocean sciences commu-
nity, reminding us of the important role we all play in build-
ing a resilient planet. Moments like these are what make OSM
a flagship meeting.
The first OSM was convened in 1982 as a joint venture
between AGU and ASLO, with 700 attending; OSMs have been
held biennially since then. TOS formally joined the partnership
in 2004, so the 2006 meeting in Hawai‘i was the first to be orga-
nized under the AGU/ASLO/TOS partnership, with the number
of attendees having grown to 3,500. By OSM 2020 in San Diego,
we counted 6,300 attendees. It is important to reflect on this
growth, to acknowledge the central role that this meeting plays
in our ocean sciences community.
The organization of each OSM starts years before the actual
meeting. While all three participating societies play an import-
ant role in the planning, a lead society is placed in the driver’s
seat for each meeting. The venue and lead society are deter-
mined four to six years before the meeting takes place. It is typ-
ically necessary to make commitments for hotel and conference
venues two to four years before the actual meeting. The financial
investment is enormous and comes with a healthy dose of risk to
the organizing societies.
Volunteers play critical roles in the organization of each OSM.
Approximately 22 months prior to the meeting, the core mem-
bers of the Program Committee (a co-chair, a vice chair, an early
career representative, a student representative, and staff repre-
sentatives appointed by each society) meet to reflect on commu-
nity input regarding the previous OSM and develop the theme
for the next event, generate ideas for plenary speakers, and dis-
cuss inclusion of new activities. As the upcoming OSM begins to
take shape, additional members with expertise in a broad range
of ocean science- related disciplines are added to the Program
Committee. Members review session proposals as they are sub-
mitted, communicate with proposers to identify duplication
with other sessions, and can encourage submissions in emerg-
ing areas of research. After abstracts are submitted, the Program
Committee schedules the abstracts as oral or poster presentations.
In guiding the planning process, the three co-chairs invest
hundreds of hours of their time. I’d like to thank Grace Chang
for her service as 2022 co-chair on behalf of TOS. Because
the responsibilities of serving as a co-chair are quite involved,
co-chairs from each society are initially appointed as vice chairs
in order to gain two years of experience prior to taking on the
co-chair role for the next OSM. We’re fortunate that Dick Crout
will follow Grace as TOS OSM co-chair in 2024, a role he is
familiar with since he served as co-chair for OSM 2018.
While we’re still in the midst of executing OSM 2022, we’re
seeking the next wave of volunteers for OSM 2024. TOS recently
issued a call for self-nominations for vice chair, early career rep-
resentative, and student representative. Those who apply to serve
as vice chair for 2024 must be prepared to serve as co-chair in
2026. TOS members who apply for the early career and stu-
dent representative slots will work collaboratively with AGU and
ASLO representatives to build upon previous activities and initia-
tives aimed at their constituencies. Examples of programs sched-
uled by the TOS Early Career representative, Logan Brenner, and
Student Representative, Josette McLean, include dedicated work-
shops, receptions, and career discussions. More information on
these events will be posted soon at oceansciencesmeeting.org.
I hope this column gives everyone a glimpse into the com-
plexity and timeframes involved in organizing an OSM as well
as the extensive commitment of a vast number of dedicated vol-
unteers from all three participating organizations. I am still in
awe at the seamless appearance of OSM to the regular attendee.
While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact our lives
and travel is still uncertain, we may have some difficult decisions
ahead of us in the coming months. But I am sure that working
together, and with the dedicated leadership of all three partic-
ipating societies, we will be able to provide you with the OSM
you have come expect.
FROM THE PRESIDENT
Andone C. Lavery, TOS President
Pilina means connection, relationship, and
association and is an important value in Hawaiian
culture that encourages inclusivity and collabora-
tions to achieve results that cannot be accomplished
with one person alone. The 2022 OSM focuses on the
importance of strong pilina for the ocean science
community. By coming together, we can forge
a path toward a sustainable future.
SPONSORED BY:
For practical and logistical
information, contact the
conference management
office at 1-254-776-3550 or
1-800-929-2756, or by email
at meetings@aslo.org.
Stay up to date by visiting oceansciencesmeeting.org
SESSION SUBMISSION STARTS IN MARCH!
HONOLULU, HI, USA
Pilina means connection, relationship, and association and is an import-
ant value in Hawaiian culture that encourages inclusivity and collabora-
tions to achieve results that cannot be accomplished with one person
alone. The 2022 OSM focuses on the importance of strong pilina for the
ocean science community. By coming together, we can forge a path
toward a sustainable future.
Questions? For practical and logistical information, contact the con-
ference management office at 1-254-776-3550 or 1-800-929-2756, or by
email at meetings@aslo.org.
Sponsored by:
Stay up to date: oceansciencesmeeting.org
Pilina means connection, relationship, and
association and is an important value in Hawaiian
culture that encourages inclusivity and collabora-
tions to achieve results that cannot be accomplished
with one person alone. The 2022 OSM focuses on the
importance of strong pilina for the ocean science
community. By coming together, we can forge
a path toward a sustainable future.
SPONSORED BY:
For practical and logistical
information, contact the
conference management
office at 1-254-776-3550 or
1-800-929-2756, or by email
at meetings@aslo.org.
Stay up to date by visiting oceansciencesmeeting.org
SESSION SUBMISSION STARTS IN MARCH!
HONOLULU, HI, USA
Pilina means connection, relationship, and
association and is an important value in Hawaiian
culture that encourages inclusivity and collabora-
tions to achieve results that cannot be accomplished
with one person alone. The 2022 OSM focuses on the
importance of strong pilina for the ocean science
community. By coming together, we can forge
a path toward a sustainable future.
SPONSORED BY:
For practical and logistical
information, contact the
conference management
office at 1-254-776-3550 or
1-800-929-2756, or by email
at meetings@aslo.org.
Stay up to date by visiting oceansciencesmeeting.org
SESSION SUBMISSION STARTS IN MARCH!
HONOLULU, HI, USA
Pilina means connection, relationship, and
association and is an important value in Hawaiian
culture that encourages inclusivity and collabora-
tions to achieve results that cannot be accomplished
with one person alone. The 2022 OSM focuses on the
importance of strong pilina for the ocean science
community. By coming together, we can forge
a path toward a sustainable future.
SPONSORED BY:
For practical and logistical
information, contact the
conference management
office at 1-254-776-3550 or
1-800-929-2756, or by email
at meetings@aslo.org.
Stay up to date by visiting oceansciencesmeeting.org
SESSION SUBMISSION STARTS IN MARCH!
HONOLULU, HI, USA
Abstract deadline: September 29, 2021
Early bird registration deadline: January 20, 2022
Oceanography | September 2021
FROM THE TOS JEDI COMMITTEE
THE BIENNIAL Ocean Sciences Meeting (OSM) is the most
extensive opportunity for members of the global ocean sci-
ences community to come together to share knowledge, net-
work, build and strengthen collaborations, and grow ideas. In
addition to sharing progress in research, technology, and edu-
cation, these meetings are a valuable opportunity to advance
diversity and inclusivity in the ocean sciences community. OSM
2020 featured several successful events and sessions with these
themes, and reflection on them since then has been valuable
for guiding further diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts
at our home institutions and for planning future conferences
(Behl et al., 2021, in this issue; Le Bras, 2021).
OSM 2022 (February 27 to March 4, 2022) will be the first
hybrid meeting for this conference, featuring in-person events
held in Honolulu, Hawai‘i, while also offering a robust vir-
tual participation component. The OSM 2022 theme is “Come
Together and Connect.” Hawaiian culture places great emphasis
on the importance of bringing people together to form a cohe-
sive unit that is stronger than any single individual. The word
pilina in the Hawaiian language means connection, relationship,
and association, as the seeds of the native pili grass are joined
and mature together. In light of this theme, as well as the global
movement to dismantle barriers to the participation of under-
represented groups, OSM 2022 will feature a series of events to
educate, support, and empower a diverse and inclusive ocean sci-
ence community. Although the meeting program is still devel-
oping, the titles below provide a preview of some of the JEDI-
themed programs being planned for this exciting week.
ESTABLISHING A SPACE FOR WOMEN OF COLOR
IN OCEAN SCIENCES (VIRTUAL WORKSHOP)
Women of Color (WOC) are statistically more likely to expe-
rience microaggressions, disrespect, mansplaining, white fragil-
ity, and cultural misappropriation in the workplace. Compared
to their male counterparts, WOC are 45% more likely to leave
STEM jobs. This virtual WOCshopTM (workshops developed
and conducted by WOC) aims to combat these issues by pro-
viding solutions-oriented, hands-on training to address bias and
social oppression. Join in to participate in dynamic groups and
individual exercises, hear true anecdotes by WOC in the field,
and learn how to create inclusive and equitable workplaces that
JEDI Events and Programming for OSM 2022
By Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod
welcome diverse perspectives for the future of ocean sciences.
Participants in this WOCshop will leave with tools in hand to
become active, effective bystanders empowered to establish A
WOC Space at their respective workplaces. This WOCshop is
for everyone who would like to increase the quality of experi-
ences and the presence of WOC in ocean sciences!
SPEAKING UP: HOW BYSTANDERS CAN CHANGE
THE CONVERSATION IN STEM
Ever wondered “Why didn’t I say something?” after witnessing
bias? Deciding whether and how to respond to bias is compli-
cated. Attendees will learn about what motivates people to speak
up, the challenges faced when doing so, and strategies for effective
responding. PowerPlay Interactive Development’s team of impro-
visational actors will provide scenarios for discussion and prac-
ticing intervention. This workshop is sponsored by a grant from
the Sloan Foundation to support evaluation of bystander inter-
vention workshops. Registrants for this workshop are expected to
complete online survey materials before and after participation.
Presenter/Co-Facilitator: Stephanie A. Goodwin, PhD, President,
Incluxion Works Inc. Co-Facilitator: David Kaye, MFA, Founder/
Artistic Director, PowerPlay Interactive Development, University
of New Hampshire.
JEDI TOWN HALL
The Oceanography Society Justice, Equity, Diversity, and
Inclusion committee will host a town hall to share news about
TOS efforts to broaden participation in its membership and
solicit feedback from the community. This will be interactive
event where in-person and virtual participants can share ideas
and help shape priorities for future JEDI initiatives. Information
collected during the town hall will be shared with TOS members
following the event via the TOS JEDI web page (https://tos.org/
diversity) and a synthesis of the community feedback published
in Oceanography.
STUDENT AND EARLY CAREER WORKSHOP
For OSM 2022, the annual full day Sunday workshop will include
sessions that focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives,
environmental justice, and mental health. It will also provide the
opportunity for students and early career scientists to meet and
Oceanography | Vol.34, No.3
interact with their peers from across the fields of ocean policy
and research. A limited number of tickets will be provided on a
first-come, first-served basis, so be sure to register early to secure
your spot for this event.
RAINBOW RECEPTION
This informal social event is an opportunity to share conversa-
tion and refreshments with fellow LGBTQIA+ ocean scientists
and engineers. We hope to build community and get organized.
Stop by anytime. There is no schedule. This event is intended
for people who identify as LGBTQIA+, but allies can support
us by spreading the word, encouraging LGBTQIA+ colleagues
to attend, and staying tuned for opportunities to get involved
in the future.
INNOVATIVE SESSION IN11. HISTORICAL
RESONANCE IN THE ATLANTIC: IMPLICATIONS
FOR BLACK MARINE SCIENTISTS
Screening of the documentary film Can We Talk? Difficult
Conversations with Underrepresented People of Color: Sense
of Belonging in STEM at the OSM 2020 conference initiated a
discussion about the effects of systemic racism and bias in the
ocean science community. The current proposed 2021 session
will continue this conversation by screening content that centers
the perspective of Black marine researchers, historians, and lit-
erary scholars on the ocean sciences. The meaning, materiality,
and memory of the Atlantic Ocean will be central to this discus-
sion. The film documents how the Atlantic slave trade and sub-
sequent forms of racial exclusion on American coastlines have
influenced the way Black marine scientists think about and do
their work. This session will include a short screening of a seg-
ment from Kendall Moore’s latest film, Decolonizing Science,
followed by a panel discussion. For more Information, go to:
https://www.kendallmooredocfilms.com/.
TUTORIAL TT02. THIS IS NOT SERVICE:
UNPACKING INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT IN
DIVERSITY EFFORTS
In response to the racial justice movements and the widespread
protests of 2020, there was increased interest in justice, equity,
diversity, and inclusion (JEDI) in higher education. This tutorial’s
objective is to compare how different JEDI efforts can improve
the experiences of marginalized individuals in geosciences, and
more broadly, STEM fields. We will explore instances where
institutional goals do not align with the community’s needs,
thus perpetuating the status quo. We will provide examples from
community-based initiatives that empower historically under-
represented students and early career scientists in STEM and
share resources to support the creation of similar efforts.
EDUCATION AND OUTREACH SESSIONS
ED05. Safety in Ocean Field Science: Prevention and
Improved Response for Sexual and Gender Harassment
This session is focused on strengthening the ocean sciences
community by improving field environments for all partici-
pants and reducing harassment in the ocean sciences. The ses-
sion chairs plan to present the recommendations, products, and
implementation strategies that resulted from two workshops,
one focused broadly on field sciences and one on ocean sciences
specifically, to the OSM 2022 audience for dissemination, dis-
cussion, and feedback.
ED08. Addressing Barriers to Minoritized Scholars
Entering Internship, Fellowship, and Graduate
Programs in the Ocean Sciences
Scholars in minoritized groups including Black, Indigenous, and
People of Color (BIPOC) as well as first-generation college stu-
dents who seek careers in the ocean sciences face many barri-
ers in pursuing their desired educational and career pathways.
In this session, presenters will identify barriers to entry that
affect underrepresented scholars and share approaches for creat-
ing more equitable processes and developing inclusive cultures
where all can thrive.
ED11. Global Capacity Development in Ocean Science
for Sustainable Development
Oceanography is a global science that requires human and tech-
nical capacity on a global scale. Currently, ocean science capac-
ity is unevenly distributed around the world. This session will
feature ideas and initiatives for advancing participation of scien-
tists from under-resourced nations, or underrepresented groups
in higher-resourced nations, in global observing systems and
global decision-making boards. Opportunities will be given to
all to delineate contributions to the United Nations Decade of
Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and to share indig-
enous knowledge and culture.
REFERENCES
Behl, M., S. Cooper, C. Garza, S.E. Kolesar, S. Legg, J.C. Lewis, L. White, and
B. Jones. 2021. Changing the culture of coastal, ocean, and marine sciences:
Strategies for individual and collective actions. Oceanography 34(3):53–60,
https://doi.org/ 10.5670/oceanog.2021.307.
Le Bras, I. 2021. A conversation on building safe spaces for the LGBTQ+ commu-
nity in the geosciences. Nature Communications 12:4058, https://doi.org/10.1038/
s41467-021-24020-z.
AUTHOR
Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod (emgutbrod@seoe.sc.edu) is Assistant Professor, School of
Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,
and is a member of the TOS JEDI Committee.
ARTICLE DOI
https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.311