Oceanography | June 2019
A
EDITOR
Ellen S. Kappel
Geosciences Professional
Services Inc.
t: (1) 301-229-2709
ekappel@geo-prose.com
ASSISTANT EDITOR
Vicky Cullen
t: (1) 508-548-1027
vcullen@whoi.edu
CONTRIBUTING WRITER
Cheryl Lyn Dybas
cheryl.lyn.dybas@gmail.com
DESIGN/PRODUCTION
Johanna Adams
johanna-adams@cox.net
Oceanography
https://tos.org/oceanography
Oceanography contains peer-reviewed articles that chronicle all aspects of
ocean science and its applications. The journal presents significant research,
noteworthy achievements, exciting new technology, and articles that address
public policy and education and how they are affected by science and tech-
nology. The overall goal of Oceanography is cross-disciplinary communica-
tion in the ocean sciences.
Oceanography (ISSN 1042-8275) is published by The Oceanography
Society, 1 Research Court, Suite 450, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. ©2019
The Oceanography Society Inc. Oceanography articles are licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits
use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or
format as long as users cite the materials appropriately, provide a link to
the Creative Commons license, and indicate the changes that were made
to the original content. Third-party material used in articles are included in
the Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to
the material. If the material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons
license, users will need to obtain permission directly from the license holder
to reproduce the material. Please contact Jennifer Ramarui at info@tos.org
for further information.
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Claudia Benitez-Nelson
University of South Carolina
cbnelson@geol.sc.edu
Ian Brosnan
NASA Ames Research Center
ian.g.brosnan@nasa.gov
Grace Chang
Integral Consulting Inc.
gchang@integral-corp.com
Margaret L. (Peggy) Delaney
University of California, Santa Cruz
delaney@ucsc.edu
Philip N. Froelich
Duke University
froelich@magnet.fsu.edu
Charles H. Greene
Cornell University
chg2@cornell.edu
William Smyth
Oregon State University
smyth@coas.oregonstate.edu
Kiyoshi Suyehiro
Yokohama Institute for Earth
Sciences, JAMSTEC
suyehiro@jamstec.go.jp
Peter Wadhams
University of Cambridge
p.wadhams@damtp.cam.ac.uk
The Oceanography Society was founded in 1988 to
advance oceanographic research, technology, and
education, and to disseminate knowledge of ocean-
ography and its application through research and
education. TOS promotes the broad understand-
ing of oceanography, facilitates consensus building
across all the disciplines of the field, and informs the
public about ocean research, innovative technology,
and educational opportunities throughout the spec-
trum of oceanographic inquiry.
OFFICERS
PRESIDENT: Martin Visbeck
PRESIDENT-ELECT: Andone Lavery
PAST-PRESIDENT: Alan C. Mix
SECRETARY: Allison Miller
TREASURER: Susan Banahan
COUNCILORS
AT-LARGE: Richard Crout
APPLIED TECHNOLOGY: James Girton
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Charles H. Greene
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Peter Sedwick
EDUCATION: Carolyn Scheurle
GEOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Amelia Shevenell
PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: Magdalena Andres
STUDENT REPRESENTATIVE: Christina Hernández
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Jennifer Ramarui
CORPORATE AND
INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERS
BAKER DONELSON
» https://www.bakerdonelson.com
INTEGRAL CONSULTING INC.
» https://www.integral-corp.com/
SCIENCE MEDIA
» http://sciencemedia.nl/
SEA-BIRD SCIENTIFIC
» https://sea-birdscientific.com
TELEDYNE RD INSTRUMENTS
» http://www.teledynemarine.com/rdi
CONTACT INFO
The Oceanography Society
1 Research Court, Suite 450
Rockville, MD 20850 USA
t: (1) 301-251-7708
f: (1) 301-251-7709
email: info@tos.org
https://tos.org
tos.org
Oceanography | June 2019