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June 2021

Special Issue on MBON: Marine Biodiversity Observation Network—An Observing System for Life in the Sea

Oceanography | June 2021

contents

VOL. 34, NO. 2, JUNE 2021

SPECIAL ISSUE ON

THE MARINE BIODIVERSITY OBSERVATION NETWORK:

AN OBSERVING SYSTEM FOR LIFE IN THE SEA

Introduction to the Special Issue

By F.P. Chavez, R.J. Miller, F.E. Muller-Karger, K. Iken, G. Canonico, K. Egan, J. Price,

and W. Turner

Pelagic Biodiversity, Ecosystem Function, and Services: An Integrated

Observing and Modeling Approach

By J.A. Santora, I.D. Schroeder, S.J. Bograd, F.P. Chavez, M.A. Cimino, J. Fiechter,

E.L. Hazen, M.T. Kavanaugh, M. Messié, R.R. Miller, K.M. Sakuma, W.J. Sydeman,

B.K. Wells, and J.C. Field

Changes in Diversity and Species Composition Across Multiple

Assemblages in the Eastern Chukchi Sea During Two Contrasting Years

are Consistent with Borealization

By F.J. Mueter, K. Iken, L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, K.J. Kuletz, R.R. Hopcroft,

S.L. Danielson, R.E. Collins, and D.A. Cushing

Reef-Fish Abundance, Biomass, and Biodiversity Inside and Outside No-Take

Marine Zones in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: 1999–2018

By M. Medina, C. Estes, B. Best, C.D. Stallings, E. Montes, L.G. McEachron,

and F.E. Muller-Karger

Satellite Remote Sensing and the Marine Biodiversity Observation

Network: Current Science and Future Steps

By M.T. Kavanaugh, T. Bell, D. Catlett, M.A. Cimino, S.C. Doney, W. Klajbor,

M. Messié, E. Montes, F.E. Muller-Karger, D. Otis, J.A. Santora, I.D. Schroeder, J. Triñanes,

and D.A. Siegel

Optimizing Large-Scale Biodiversity Sampling Effort: Toward an

Unbalanced Survey Design

By E. Montes, J.S. Lefcheck, E. Guerra-Castro, E. Klein, M.T. Kavanaugh, A.C.A. Mazzuco,

G. Bigatti, C.A.M.M. Cordeiro, N. Simoes, E.C. Macaya, N. Moity, E. Londoño-Cruz,

B. Helmuth, F. Choi, E.H. Soto, P. Miloslavich, and F.E. Muller-Karger

Species Archetype Models of Kelp Forest Communities Reveal Diverse

Responses to Environmental Gradients

By R.L. Rognstad, A. Rassweiler, D.C. Reed, L. Kui, and R.J. Miller

102 Observing Life in the Sea Using Environmental DNA

By F.P. Chavez, M. Min, K. Pitz, N. Truelove, J. Baker, D. LaScala-Grunewald, M. Blum,

K. Walz, C. Nye, A. Djurhuus, R.J. Miller, K.D. Goodwin, F.E. Muller-Karger, H.A. Ruhl,

and C.A. Scholin

120 A Global Ecological Classification of Coastal Segment Units to Complement

Marine Biodiversity Observation Network Assessments

By R. Sayre, K. Butler, K. Van Graafeiland, S. Breyer, D. Wright, C. Frye, D. Karagulle,

M. Martin, J. Cress, T. Allen, R.J. Allee, R. Parsons, B. Nyberg, M.J. Costello, P. Harris,

and F.E. Muller-Karger

Oceanography | June 2021

'Sebastes elongatus'

'Kogia breviceps'

'Clupea pallasii'

'Doryteuthis opalescens'

'Tactostoma macropus'

'Hexanchus griseus'

'Balaenoptera acutorostrata'

'Paralichthys californicus'

'Thysanoessa gregaria'

'Porichthys notatus'

'Lyopsetta exilis'

'Pandalus jordani'

'Chauliodus macouni'

'Pleuronichthys verticalis'

'Sterna elegans'

'Cololabis saira'

'Neotrypaea californiensis'

'Pterodroma sandwichensis'

'Triphoturus mexicanus'

'Fratercula corniculata'

'Octopoteuthis deletron'

Aurelia

'Mustelus californicus'

Mysidacea

'Sebastes goodei'

Malacosteus

'Dosidicus gigas'

'Chrysaora colorata'

'Phalaropus lobatus'

'Engraulis mordax'

'Pterodroma cookii'

'Sebastes babcocki'

'Delphinus capensis'

'Gavia stellata'

'Sebastes caurinus'

Berryteuthis

'Xeneretmus latifrons'

'Balaenoptera borealis'

'Pseudobathylagus milleri'

'Hydrolagus colliei'

'Trachurus symmetricus'

'Ardenna tenuirostris'

'Cranchia scabra'

Phosichthyidae

'Symbolophorus californiensis'

'Ardenna carneipes'

'Raja binoculata'

'Pasiphaea pacifica'

'Merluccius productus'

'Argentina sialis'

'Puffinus opisthomelas'

'Larus argentatus'

'Stomias atriventer'

'Tarletonbeania crenularis'

'Cymatogaster aggregata'

'Atheresthes stomias'

'Physeter catodon'

'Desmodema lorum'

'Enhydra lutris'

'Leucophaeus pipixcan'

'Sebastes proriger'

'Ophiodon elongatus'

'Hydrobates melania'

'Hydroprogne caspia'

'Diaphus theta'

'Hydrobates homochroa'

'Bathylagus stilbius'

'Sebastes rosaceus'

'Sebastolobus alascanus'

Palinuridae

'Mola mola'

'Rissa tridactyla'

'Prionace glauca'

'Sebastes saxicola'

Phronima

'Macroramphosus gracilis'

'Sphyraena argentea'

'Hydrobates microsoma'

'Phocoena phocoena'

'Larus californicus'

'Sardinops sagax'

'Gavia immer'

'Euphausia mutica'

'Sebastes ovalis'

Eurypharyngidae

'Brama japonica'

'Sebastes serriceps'

'Xema sabini'

'Fulmarus glacialis'

'Hemilepidotus spinosus'

'Sebastes paucispinis'

Nannobrachium

'Stercorarius maccormicki'

Gonatus

'Euphausia eximia'

'Brachyramphus marmoratus'

'Phacellophora camtschatica'

Idiacanthus

Zaniolepis

'Euphausia recurva'

'Citharichthys sordidus'

'Euphausia pacifica'

'Thalasseus maximus'

Aequorea

'Cyclothone acclinidens'

'Hydrobates furcatus'

'Oncorhynchus kisutch'

'Bathylagus pacificus'

'Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus'

'Sebastes jordani'

'Orcinus orca'

'Ardenna bulleri'

Remora

Opisthoproctidae

'Tetronarce californica'

'Nematoscelis difficilis'

'Euphausia gibboides'

'Mirounga angustirostris'

'Oncorhynchus mykiss'

'Psettichthys melanostictus'

'Sebastes rastrelliger'

'Sebastes crameri'

'Pteroplatytrygon violacea'

Abraliopsis

'Pleuronichthys decurrens'

'Lampadena urophaos'

'Raja inornata'

'Peprilus simillimus'

'Sebastes reedi'

'Sebastes mystinus'

'Sebastes aurora'

'Oceanites oceanicus'

'Ardenna pacifica'

'Sebastes melanostomus'

'Sebastes entomelas'

'Lycodes cortezianus'

'Podiceps nigricollis'

'Spirinchus thaleichthys'

'Thysanoessa spinifera'

'Sterna hirundo'

'Sebastes rufus'

'Medialuna californiensis'

'Chrysaora fuscescens'

'Hydrobates leucorhous'

'Eopsetta jordani'

'Ardenna creatopus'

'Icosteus aenigmaticus'

'Onykia robusta'

'Sebastes serranoides'

'Girella nigricans'

'Nemichthys scolopaceus'

'Pterodroma ultima'

Scorpaenidae

'Grampus griseus'

'Ptychoramphus aleuticus'

'Microgadus proximus'

Paralepididae

'Globicephala macrorhynchus'

'Oncorhynchus tshawytscha'

'Aechmophorus occidentalis'

'Larus delawarensis'

'Rhinogobiops nicholsii'

'Lepidogobius lepidus'

'Eumetopias jubatus'

'Larus occidentalis'

Melamphaidae

'Stenella coeruleoalba'

Bathymasteridae

Petromyzontidae

Gempylidae

'Sebastolobus altivelis'

'Ocythoe tuberculata'

'Raja stellulata'

'Berardius bairdii'

'Oxylebius pictus'

'Sula leucogaster'

'Sterna paradisaea'

'Microstomus pacificus'

'Stercorarius longicaudus'

'Sebastes wilsoni'

'Larus heermanni'

'Aechmophorus clarkii'

'Ardenna grisea'

'Balaenoptera musculus'

'Urile penicillatus'

'Larus philadelphia'

Carinaria

'Nannopterum auritus'

'Nyctiphanes simplex'

'Raja rhina'

'Pelecanus occidentalis'

'Lepidopsetta bilineata'

'Balaenoptera physalus'

'Bathophilus flemingi'

'Larus canus'

'Stercorarius pomarinus'

'Anoplopoma fimbria'

'Stercorarius parasiticus'

'Lycodapus fierasfer'

'Glyptocephalus zachirus'

'Lycodapus mandibularis'

Pterotrachea

Pandeidae

'Icichthys lockingtoni'

'Stenobrachius leucopsarus'

'Scomber japonicus'

'Sebastes dallii'

'Sebastes pinniger'

'Eschrichtius robustus'

'Chilara taylori'

'Onychoteuthis borealijaponica'

Moridae

Sternoptychidae

'Ammodytes hexapterus'

'Symphurus atricaudus'

'Sebastes flavidus'

'Sebastes semicinctus'

'Liparis fucensis'

'Pseudorca crassidens'

'Sebastes auriculatus'

'Squalus suckleyi'

'Gasterosteus aculeatus'

'Sebastes melanops'

'Atherinopsis californiensis'

'Atherinops affinis'

'Sarda chiliensis'

'Callorhinus ursinus'

'Thetys vagina'

'Phocoenoides dalli'

'Citharichthys stigmaeus'

'Synodus lucioceps'

'Parophrys vetulus'

Ctenophora

'Scorpaenichthys marmoratus'

'Phoebastria nigripes'

'Zalophus californianus'

'Rhamphocottus richardsonii'

'Chiroteuthis calyx'

'Fratercula cirrhata'

'Lagenorhynchus obliquidens'

'Megaptera novaeangliae'

'Lissodelphis borealis'

Bentheogennema

'Rossia pacifica'

'Eptatretus stoutii'

'Delphinus delphis'

'Trachipterus altivelis'

'Sebastes miniatus'

Crangon

'Alopias vulpinus'

Pyroteuthidae

'Sebastes hopkinsi'

'Pleuroncodes planipes'

'Tursiops truncatus'

'Ziphius cavirostris'

'Oncorhynchus gorbuscha'

'Phoca vitulina'

'Cerorhinca monocerata'

'Pyrosoma atlanticum'

'Sebastes diploproa'

'Sterna forsteri'

'Gavia pacifica'

'Pandalus platyceros'

'Bothrocara molle'

Sergestidae

Syngnathidae

'Sebastes ruberrimus'

'Sebastes zacentrus'

'Synthliboramphus craveri'

Stomatopoda

'Platichthys stellatus'

'Genyonemus lineatus'

'Sebastes emphaeus'

'Phalaropus fulicaria'

'Urile pelagicus'

'Arctocephalus townsendi'

'Phoebastria albatrus'

'Argonauta argo'

'Synthliboramphus antiquus'

'Sebastes levis'

'Anarrhichthys ocellatus'

'Cepphus columba'

'Parmaturus xaniurus'

'Cepphus grylle'

'Tetragonurus cuvieri'

'Larus glaucescens'

'Uria aalge'

'Phoebastria immutabilis'

Alloposidae

Forage

YOY Groundfish

All

Colored ranges

Ctenophora

Cnidaria

Mollusca

Malacostraca

Cyclostomata

Thaliacea

Chondrichthys

Mammalia

Aves

Actinopteri

YOY Groundfish

Forage

All