CONTENTS
1
Introduction To Frontiers in Ocean Observing
by E.S. Kappel, M.J. Costello, L. Galgani, C. Gordó-Vilaseca, A. Govindarajan, S. Kouhi, C. Lavin, L. McCartin, J.D. Müller,
B. Pirenne, T. Tanhua, Q. Zhao, and S. Zhao
OCEAN-CLIMATE NEXUS: OBSERVATIONS FOR MARINE CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL
2
Operational Monitoring of Open-Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal Deployments: Detection, Attribution,
and Determination of Side Effects
by P.W. Boyd, H. Claustre, L. Legendre, J.-P. Gattuso, and P.-Y. Le Traon
11
Assessing Changes in Marine Biogeochemical Processes Leading to Carbon Dioxide Removal with
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
by C. Garcia, B. Barone, S. Ferrón, and D. Karl
14
A Low-Cost Carbon Dioxide Monitoring System for Coastal and Estuarine Sensor Networks
by P.J. Bresnahan, E. Farquhar, D. Portelli, M. Tydings, T. Wirth, and T. Martz
16
PERSPECTIVE. The Growing Potential of Antarctic Blue Carbon
by C.J. Sands, N. Zwerschke, N. Bax, D.K.A. Barnes, C. Moreau, R. Downey, B. Moreno, C. Held, and M. Paulsen
18
PERSPECTIVE. Net Zero: Actions for an Ocean-Climate Solution
by A.M. Waite, M. Smit, E. Siegel, G. Hanna, and S. Leslie
ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR DIVERSITY: PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN OCEAN BIODIVERSITY
UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
20
Using Soundscapes to Assess Changes in Coral Reef Social-Ecological Systems
by T.-H. Lin, F. Sinniger, S. Harii, and T. Akamatsu
28
Functional Seascapes: Understanding the Consequences of Hypoxia and Spatial Patterning in Pelagic Ecosystems
by S.B. Brandt, S.E. Kolesar, C.N. Glaspie, A. Laurent, C.E. Sellinger, J.J. Pierson, M.R. Roman, and W.C. Boicourt
31
Recent Marine Heatwaves Affect Marine Ecosystems from Plankton to Seabirds in the Northern Gulf of Alaska
by S. Strom and the Northern Gulf of Alaska Long-Term Ecosystem Research Team
34
Modeling Aquaculture Suitability in a Climate Change Future
by A.L. Mackintosh, G.G. Hill, M.J. Costello, A. Jueterbock, and J. Assis
36
Monitoring Algal Blooms with Complementary Sensors on Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales
by D.R. Williamson, G.M. Fragoso, S. Majaneva, A. Dallolio, D.Ø. Halvorsen, O. Hasler, A.E. Oudijk, D.D. Langer, T.A. Johansen,
G. Johnsen, A. Stahl, M. Ludvigsen, and J.L. Garrett
38
UAV High-Resolution Imaging and Disease Surveys Combine to Quantify Climate-Related Decline in
Seagrass Meadows
by L.R. Aoki, B. Yang, O.J. Graham, C. Gomes, B. Rappazzo, T.L. Hawthorne, J.E. Duffy, and D. Harvell
40
Long-Term Observations of Hypoxia off the Yangtze River Estuary: Toward Prediction and Operational Application
by X. Ni, F. Zhou, D. Zeng, D. Li, T. Zhang, K. Wang, Y. Ma, Q. Meng, X. Ma, Q. Zhang, D. Huang, and J. Chen
OCEAN POLLUTANTS: ASSESSING THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION
42
Exploring Methods for Understanding and Quantifying Plastic-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter
by L. Zhu, N. Gaggelli, A. Boldrini, A. Stubbins, and S.A. Loiselle
49
On the Potential for Optical Detection of Microplastics in the Ocean
by D. Koestner, R. Foster, and A. El-Habashi
52
Sediment Traps: A Renowned Tool in Oceanography Applied to New Marine Pollutants
by L. Galgani, H. Hepach, K.W. Becker, and A. Engel
54
Developing Realistic Models for Assessing Marine Plastic Pollution in Semi-Enclosed Seas
by J. She, A. Christensen, F. Garaventa, U. Lips, J. Murawski, M. Ntoumas, and K. Tsiaras