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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This publication was made possible by the support of the Marine Robotic Summer
School, a collaborative initiative by the MIT Portugal Program (MPP), LSTS –
Underwater Systems and Technology Laboratory from Faculty of Engineering –
University of Porto (FEUP), and the Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar –
OKEANOS of the University of the Azores. The program was further supported by
CoLab +ATLANTIC, the Gaspar Frutuoso Foundation, the School of the Sea of the
Azores, Luso-American Development Foundation (FLAD), and Marinha Portuguesa.
The summer school was held under the High Patronage of the Regional Government
of the Azores. The authors thank Professor Douglas Hart for mentorship and feed-
back. This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) under the MIT Portugal program and by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. 2141064).
AUTHORS
Charlene Xia and Bianca Champenois (bchamp@mit.edu), Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
MA, USA. Francisco Campuzano, CoLAB +ATLANTIC, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Lisbon, Portugal. Renato Mendes, CoLAB +ATLANTIC and Laboratório de Sistemas
e Tecnologia Subaquática, LAETA, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto,
Porto, Portugal.
ARTICLE CITATION
Xia, C., B. Champenois, F. Campuzano, and R. Mendes. 2025. Drifter challenge:
A low-cost, hands-on platform for teaching ocean instrumentation and sensing.
Oceanography 38(3):80–87, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2025.e312.
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