June 2025

Oceanography | Vol. 38, No. 2

48

from acoustic backscatter data, can be compared to the ecolog­

ical modeling results to gain a better understanding of the rela­

tionship between potential prey species and marine mammal

predators to further enhance the use of acoustic prey data as an

ecological monitoring tool. Acoustically inferred prey commu­

nity structure and biomass, in addition to surface and at-depth

measurements of physical water column features, can be coupled

with acoustic detections of marine mammals to better inform the

fine-scale response of top predators, initiating a more complete

understanding of ecosystem structure and ecosystem changes.

EVOLVING THE ADEON COMMUNITY

The terabytes of acoustic and oceanographic data acquired in

ADEON are valuable in their own right as a baseline charac­

terization of the Mid- and South Atlantic OCS, but their value

will continue to increase through the use of the data in ecolog­

ical and soundscape modeling to support future predictions

and scenarios as environmental conditions change. Innovative

development of online visualization tools to explore ADEON’s

integration of acoustic observations, soundscape modeling,

environmental parameters, visual surveys, and remote sens­

ing (https://adeon.unh.edu/map) promotes the use of ADEON

data beyond the program end. These tools assist in creat­

ing value-added products so that the information is used as

widely as possible.

While all ADEON recordings are publicly available for down­

load, most researchers lack the 116 TB required to store the

audio files, and interested parties may not have access to nor

the training required for using audio analysis software. To aid

researchers and the public in exploring the ADEON datasets,

an integrated suite of web-based visualization tools was cre­

ated. The visualization portal page opens with a map that shows

ADEON lander locations surrounded by marine mammal sight­

ings from the project’s cruises (Figure 7a). Animations that can

be viewed on the main map allow the site visitor to play back

years of soundscape modeling data, showing predicted contri­

butions from wind and AIS-tracked ships. Additional contextual

layers can be displayed that show environmental data collected

from remote satellite sources, such as chlorophyll concentrations

from NASA and surface temperatures from NOAA’s RTOFS

model, to explore meaningful relationships among the parame­

ters. Selecting a lander icon on the map opens an interface with

details on the lander and shows tabs for accessing lander-​specific

data visualizations.

FIGURE 5. (a) Single time snap­

shot of the modeled 125 Hz

decidecade band sound pres­

sure levels (SPL), combined wind

and ship SPL (in dB) at the sea­

floor for the Atlantic OCS for

January 3, 2019. (b) Month aver­

aged 125 Hz decidecade band

SPL (in dB), combined = wind and

ship SPL soundscape model at

the seafloor. (c) Wilmington (WIL)

measured SPL (blue dots) and

5th, 50th, and 95th percentile

modeled SPL for the first week

of January 2019, 125 Hz decide­

cade SPL. (d) Blake Escarpment

(BLE) measured SPL (blue dots)

and modeled SPL with sedi­

ment grain size parameter (PHI)

5.68 for the first week of January

2019, 125 Hz decidecade SPL.

The integer tick marks in (c) and

(d) are at midnight UTC. The time

axis starts at 00:00 on January 1,

2019. The reference sound pres­

sure is 1 µPa.

Instantaneous Seafloor SPL

Mean Seafloor SPL

WIL 125 Hz

BLE 125 Hz PHI:5.68

Sound Pressure Level (dB/µPa2)

Decidecade SPL/dB